Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)
Also known as Feline AIDS, FIV.
A slow-moving virus that gradually weakens the immune system. It is spread almost only through deep bites, and many positive cats live for years with a good quality of life.
- System
- Infectious diseases
- Is it urgent?
- Not usually
- Spreads to other cats
- Yes
- Spreads to people
- No
- Typical cost in Spain
- FeLV/FIV test, €30–55; extra check-ups for a positive cat, €100–250 a year.
Between cats, mainly through bites. It does not pass to people.
Symptoms
- Years without signs
- Gingivitis and stomatitis
- Recurring skin, eye or respiratory infections
- Chronic diarrhoea
- Weight loss in advanced stages
Causes
The FIV virus, passed on through bites in fights. That is why it is more common in unneutered males with outdoor access. Living together peacefully rarely transmits it.
How it is diagnosed
A rapid antibody blood test and a confirmatory test. In kittens under 6 months, a positive result may be due to the mother’s antibodies: the test must be repeated.
Treatment
There is no cure. Infections are treated early, the mouth is looked after and check-ups are done every six months.
No doses, on purpose: any medicine must be prescribed by your vet for your cat.
Prognosis
Good in many cases: with an indoor life and good care, life expectancy can be almost normal.
Prevention
Neutering, an indoor life or supervised outings, and testing new cats. No vaccine is available in Europe.
Frequently asked questions
Is feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) contagious?
To other cats: yes. To people: no. Between cats, mainly through bites. It does not pass to people.
Can feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) be cured?
Good in many cases: with an indoor life and good care, life expectancy can be almost normal. There is no cure. Infections are treated early, the mouth is looked after and check-ups are done every six months.
How much does it cost to treat feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)?
As a guide for Spain in 2026: FeLV/FIV test, €30–55; extra check-ups for a positive cat, €100–250 a year. Prices vary a lot between clinics and cities, and out-of-hours emergencies cost more.
How can feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) be prevented?
Neutering, an indoor life or supervised outings, and testing new cats. No vaccine is available in Europe.
More in infectious diseases
Educational content from Michipedia. It does not replace diagnosis or treatment by a vet: if you have any doubt about your cat's health, ask. Costs are a guide for Spain in 2026.